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Damdin Sukhbaatar

INFORMATION FOR TRAVELERS

MONGOLIAN LEGENDARY PERSONS

SUKHBAATAR, THE HERO (1893-1923)

The central square of Ulaanbaatar, capital city of Mongolia, is named after D.Sukhbaatar.Damdinii Sukhbaatar, a revered figure in Mongolian history, is often celebrated as a symbol of courage and leadership. Born in 1893 in the humble regions of central Mongolia, Sukhbaatar rose to prominence during a time of great turmoil and transformation. His name, meaning "Axe Hero," is synonymous with the struggle for independence against foreign domination and his role in the foundation of the modern Mongolian nation. Today, as you traverse the vast landscapes of Mongolia, it's impossible not to be reminded of his indomitable spirit echoing through the windswept steppes, inspiring both visitors and locals alike.

Sukhbaatar's legacy is intricately intertwined with Mongolia's fight for sovereignty in the early 20th century. During a period dominated by external invasions and internal strife, he emerged as a unifying force among his people. Working closely with leaders in the revolution against the bogd khanate and external forces, Sukhbaatar championed the cause for national independence in 1921, paving the way for Mongolia's transition into a People's Republic. His strategic prowess as a military commander was legendary, marked by decisive victories that are interwoven into the fabric of Mongolia's rich history.

For tourists exploring Mongolia, Sukhbaatar's story provides a captivating glimpse into the heart of this enigmatic land. Whether visiting the capital city, Ulaanbaatar, where the Sukhbaatar Square stands in his honor, or wandering through the untouched terrains that bore witness to his legendary campaigns, travelers are offered a front-row seat to history. The spirit of D. Sukhbaatar offers not only a reflection of Mongolia’s past struggles but also an enduring testament to its vibrant future. Immersing oneself in his tale is to engage with a narrative of resilience and inspiration, promising an unforgettable journey through time.

It won't take long before you wonder who Damdin Sukhbaatar is - a statue of the man astride a horse dominates the square named after him in Ulaanbaatar, his face is on many currency notes, and there is a provincial capital and aimag called Sukhbaatar.

D.Sukhbaatar is one of the first seven revolutionists | who set up an underground group and visited the Soviet Union to establish ties and request help for their revolutionary cause to free the Mongolian people from foreign exploiters and present them with their freedom.

The first general of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Army, D. Sukhbaatar, was born in the Amgalan village of Ikh Khuree - the capital of that time (1893). Since 1911, having served in the army of Bogd Khaan for seven years, he had become a combatant commander.

At about 20 years of age, D. Sukhbaatar experienced the country's independence, having taken part in 168 small and large battles, which he personally led to 120 victories.

In a song of respect, and being proud of its outstanding son, the Mongolian people have named the central square after him and erected a monument to him.

Between 1921 and 1923, D.Sukhbaatar was the Army General and, since 1922, the Minister of Military. Two years after the People's Revolutionary victory, or in 1923, the young general passed away due to illness in his 30th year.

For his merit, the People's Government has granted him the title of "Brave Hero" and the Soviet Government has honored him the Red Flag Order.

D. Sukhbaatar had close relations with the last Khaan of Mongolia, Bogd Gegeen and fought for the country's national independence, but did not intend to spread Bolshevik ideas in Mongolia. His death, therefore, aroused suspicion.

On the occasion of the General's birth anniversary, O. Navaan studying the spiritual heritage of D. Sukhbaatar, hosted an exhibition at the Mongolian Museum of National History to display historical documents, photographs, badges, and other articles related to the historical phenomenon, collected during 42 years. The collection of O.Navaan numbers over 480 exhibits, including the rarest photographs which the National Archives do not have.

The Mongolian Museum of National History has many interesting exhibits related to D. Sukhbaatar and his spouse S. Yanjmaa, including a Mauser pistol, whip, clothes, cups, etc. The number of exhibits exceeds 100 and one of the most interesting is an axe with broken handle. This was found by the General's father, Damdin, and taken as a good omen when Sukhbaatar was born, and so he gave his son the name of "Sukh", which means axe in Mongolian.

He packed a lot in a short life - he was dead at 30, The exact cause of his death has never been known, and he did not live to see Mongolia proclaimed a republic.

As visitors delve deeper into the country's history, Sukhbaatar's influence becomes even more evident, defining the very essence of Mongolian national identity. His unwavering commitment to his homeland and his visionary leadership have carved a permanent place in the hearts of Mongolians. Schools across the nation teach his life as a testament to dedication and sacrifice, ensuring that future generations carry forward his passion for sovereignty and unity. His exploits are celebrated not only in textbooks but through monuments, medals, and films, each recounting the tale of a formidable leader who defied odds to secure a future for his people.

Cultural festivities often feature reenactments of the key battles he led or are imbued with his spirit of perseverance and patriotism. These events serve as a poignant reminder of the trials Mongolia faced in its past and the fervent resolve that enabled its people to overcome such challenges. The annual National Day celebrations, for instance, feature parades and ceremonies infused with Sukhbaatar's ethos, drawing his name to the lips of those both young and old, ensuring his legacy remains vibrant within the collective consciousness of the nation.

For historians and scholars, the life of Damdinii Sukhbaatar serves as a rich source of study, offering insights into not only the man himself but the turbulent era in which he lived. His diplomatic acumen, combined with his military genius, painted a complex portrait of a leader who balanced tradition with the need for modern reform. Though time has passed since his monumental contributions, the lessons derived from his leadership continue to resonate, providing frameworks for discussions on sovereignty, leadership, and national unity.

In the grand tapestry of Mongolia's history, Sukhbaatar's narrative weaves through like a bright thread, connecting past, present, and future. His story is not just that of a hero from a bygone era, but a beacon of inspiration for a nation that constantly redefines itself while remaining anchored to its rich historical values. For those who walk the lands he once traversed or gaze upon monuments erected in his honor, Sukhbaatar remains a timeless figure, epitomizing the enduring spirit of Mongolia.