Zanabazar is one of Mongolia's most remarkable and versatile figures.
INFORMATION FOR TRAVELERS
MONGOLIAN LEGENDARY PERSONS
ZANABAZAR (1635-1723)
Zanabazar, a legendary figure in Mongolian history, stands as an illustrious
scholar, sculptor, and artist, whose contributions resonate through time. Born
in 1635, Zanabazar was a man of many talents, whose work traversed the realms of
art, religion, and politics, leaving an indelible mark on medieval Mongolia. As
the spiritual head of the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism in Mongolia, he was
instrumental in intertwining religious practices with the fabric of Mongolian
culture.
Beyond his religious influence, Zanabazar was an exceptionally gifted artist
and sculptor. His works are renowned for their exquisite design and intricate
craftsmanship, blending Tibetan Buddhist iconography with the graceful elements
unique to Mongolian artistry. A prime example of his genius is evident in the
serene and expressive sculptures of Buddhist deities, crafted from materials
such as gilt bronze and precious stones. These masterpieces not only highlight
his artistic prowess but also his deep spiritual understanding, offering viewers
a glimpse into the divine harmony that he sought to convey.
In addition to his artistic and spiritual endeavors, Zanabazar played a
significant political role during a turbulent period in Mongolian history.
Navigating through the complex political landscape, he managed to secure a
degree of autonomy for Mongolia amidst the pressures from neighboring powers.
His diplomatic skills were instrumental in maintaining peace and stability,
ensuring the flourishing of Mongolian culture and religion during his era.
Born in 1635, Zanabazar is one of Mongolia's most remarkable and versatile figures. At the tender age of three, he was deemed to be a
possible gegen, or saint, so at the age of 14 he was sent to Tibet to study Buddhism under the Dalai Lama. A descendent of Chinggis Khaan, he
was also proclaimed the reincarnation of the Jonangpa line of Tibetan Buddhism and became the first Bogd Gegen. He is also known in Mongolia as Ondur Gegen.
While in Tibet, Zanabazar learnt the skills of bronze casting. He returned to kick-start a Mongolian artistic renaissance and become
Mongolia's greatest sculptor. In his spare time he invented the soyombo, the national symbol of Mongolia, and reformed the Mongolian script.
Zanabazar was also a political figure and his struggle with the Zungar Oirad leader Galdan led to Mongolia's submission to the Manchus in 1691.
Zanabazar died in Beijing in 1723. His body was taken to Urga (modern Ulaanbaator) and later entombed in a stupa in Amarbayasgalant Khiid. You wiil see
many of Zanabazar's creations in monas-:er'es and museums in Mongolia, and there is a fine collection of his art (particularly his Tara
and 3hyc.ni Buddha statues) in the Zanabazar Museum of Fine Arts in Ulaanbaator. His sculptures of Tara are supposedly based on his
18-year-old lover. You can recognise images of Zanabazar by his bald, 'OJnd head and the dorje (thunderbolt symbol) he holds in his right hand
and the bell in his left hand.
Today, visitors to Mongolia can explore numerous sites associated with
Zanabazar's legacy. Museums and temples house collections of his work, allowing
tourists to immerse themselves in the rich tapestry of Mongolian history and
spirituality that Zanabazar so profoundly influenced. For those intrigued by the
intersections of art, religion, and politics, Zanabazar's life offers a
captivating journey into the heart of Mongolia's golden age.
SEE ALSO
- The Zanabazar Museum of Fine Art - exhibits a great collection of paintings
and sculptures, among which are some rare religious items such as tangkas and Buddhist statues. Modern paintings and other art for sale.
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